Agriculture continues to be one of the most important parts of Egypt’s economy, because it contributes a significant share of national income while also supporting livelihoods in many regions. In recent years, data from the World Bank indicates that agriculture, forestry, and fishing have consistently contributed roughly 12 to 15 percent of Egypt’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), with estimates of around 13 to 14 percent in 2023–2024. This performance places Egypt above the global average, where agriculture typically accounts for less than 10 percent of GDP, showing the sector’s importance even after efforts of diversification. Historically, agriculture’s share of GDP was much higher, standing at nearly 30 percent in the 1960s and 1970s. Over time, that share declined largely as other sectors expanded fast. Nonetheless, Egypt’s agricultural expansion remains visible in official figures. The Ministry of Planning and Economic Development data shows that agricultural GDP exceeded EGP 1.3 trillion (USD 24 billion) by 2024/2025, reflecting both production growth and price effects. Employment is another major dimension of agriculture’s importance. CAPMAS data, consistent with World Bank findings, indicate that agriculture employs approximately 25 to 30 percent…
