Cyber crimes have long been recognized as serious threats to businesses and individuals. Cyberwars threaten nations in ways previously unimaginable and rival the damage that may be caused by conventional wars. The threats Egypt faces demonstrate the urgent need for Egypt to develop its defensive and offensive capabilities. Yet the technology, required for cyber war, could threaten citizens’ access to information and violate their privacy. Cyber war is a term used to describe the use of cyber technology to attack nation states. It is often initiated by enslaving a computer, thousands or even millions of computers, turning them into robots or “botnets” under the control of a master in some other country. Enslaved computers can be programmed to report to their master as instructed and can report every single keystroke as well as memory content. In the most basic of cyber war, websites can be forced to shut down or be completely misdirected to other locations. During the 2003 Iraq War, the use of Cyber war saw Iraqi officers receiving fake internal emails from the Iraqi Ministry of Defense with instructions for surrender. After cyber attacks on Estonia in a spat,…
