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As of 2025, nearly 38 percent of Egyptian women identify as entrepreneurs, and most anticipate growth in their ventures. Yet, women’s participation in the formal labor force hovers around 18 percent, far below that of men, underscoring the systemic barriers that continue to limit women’s access to formal employment and economic opportunity. Economists suggest that closing this gap between men and women could amplify Egypt’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 56 percent, a figure that underscores just how much productive…
